Israel's oldest and bitterest enemy — and, this chapter reveals, a grandson of ESAU: 'Timna was concubine to Eliphaz, Esau's son, and she bore Amalek' (36:12). The Amalekites ambush Israel's faint and straggling just out of Egypt (Exodus 17:8-16), and for it earn a unique sentence — 'Jehovah will have war with Amalek from generation to generation' — and the charge to 'blot out the memory of Amalek from under heaven' (Deuteronomy 25:17-19). Saul loses his kingdom for sparing their king Agag (1 Samuel 15); and Haman 'the Agagite,' who plots to annihilate every Jew in the Persian empire (Esther 3), is read as the last flowering of that line. So the roll of honor for Esau also, in a single verse, plants the enemy that will shadow Israel for a thousand years.