FILTHY — one of the crudest words in Biblical Hebrew, built on a root elsewhere connected with human excrement, not ordinary dust or dirt. Every major English version softens it to 'filthy,' and this translation follows them in the main text, but the word itself is stronger than the English suggests: the high priest, whose garments Exodus required to be spotless before he could so much as enter the sanctuary, is shown in a courtroom vision dressed in something closer to waste than grime. The word appears only here in the whole Hebrew Bible with this specific form, describing Joshua's garments before the angel of Jehovah orders them removed. → first discussed at Zechariah 3:3