JEALOUSY — and, depending on who feels it, also zeal or envy; one Hebrew noun covers a jealous husband, a zealous reformer, and an envious rival. ⚠ Not to be confused with the identically-transliterated but differently-voweled qinah, 'lament' — two unrelated Hebrew words that happen to romanize the same way. Qin'ah's first sustained legal use is a husband's suspicion with no evidence behind it, a 'spirit of jealousy' that triggers the ordeal of Numbers 5:14, stated twice — once of a guilty wife, once of an innocent one — because the word names the husband's own state of mind, not a fact about her. The same root describes God himself: 'Jehovah, whose name is Jealous, is a jealous God' (Exodus 34:14, already on these pages) — the identical word this chapter uses for a suspicious husband, applied to a covenant God who will tolerate no rival. → first discussed at Num 5:14