REVOLT, rebellion — usually flattened in English to 'transgression', which loses the courtroom. Its plain sense is a vassal's political REBELLION against his overlord: 'Moab REBELLED against Israel' (2 Kings 1:1), 'Israel REBELLED against the house of David' (1 Kings 12:19). ⚠ That is why it matters in Amos 1-2, where the formula 'for three PESHA'IM of Damascus, and for four' is repeated eight times: the prophet is convening a court in which foreign nations stand charged as REBELS, which quietly presumes a sovereign whose authority they had never acknowledged. The word is distinct from chet (a miss, a fault) and avon (crookedness, guilt) — Hebrew keeps three ideas apart where English tends to use one. KJV/ASV 'transgressions'; NIV 'sins'; Douay-Rheims 'crimes'; NWT alone renders 'revolts', and on the merits it is the more exact word. → first discussed at Amos 1:3