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ma'al מַעַל ma'al

TRESPASS, treachery — an act of unfaithfulness against a trust, most often used of a breach against JEHOVAH himself. The chapter puts the word through a COGNATE-ACCUSATIVE construction twice, 'commits a trespass' (v15, v21), literally 'trespasses a trespass' — and uses the SAME word for two very different betrayals: stealing from the holy things of the sanctuary (v15) and cheating a neighbor over a deposit or a lost object (v21), as if defrauding another person and defrauding God belong to one moral category, not two. ⚠ The word recurs for ACHAN's theft of the devoted things at Jericho ('the children of Israel committed a ma'al concerning the devoted thing', Joshua 7:1, not yet on these pages) and, more broadly, for Israel's own covenant unfaithfulness across the historical books — a single verb wide enough to cover one man's lie about a lost coat and a whole nation's betrayal of its God. → first discussed at Lev 5:15