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ketef כָּתֵף ketef / kitfot

A SHOULDER — of a person, and then of anything shaped like one. ⭐ At Numbers 34:11 the border of Canaan comes down and strikes ‘the ketef of the sea of Chinnereth’, the high ground along the lake’s eastern edge. This translation prints ‘shoulder’ and is alone on both shelves in doing so: the versions reach for slopes and sides — ‘the eastern slope’ (NWT 1984 and 2013), ‘the side of the sea’ (KJV, ASV and Geneva), «la costa» (both Reina-Valeras), «la ribera» (NVI), ‘the slopes’ (NIV). Each is a fair rendering of what the phrase means; none is what it says, and English already speaks of the shoulder of a hill and the shoulder of a road. ⚠ The word does architectural duty too: the ephod’s kitfot at Exodus 28:7, already on these pages, are its two shoulder-pieces — a garment part and a landform sharing one anatomy. → first discussed at Num 34:11