ALONE, apart, by itself — and the Bible refuses to say whether that is safety or abandonment. ⭐ The exact form le-vadad stands in three verses: Numbers 23:9, Micah 7:14 and Psalm 4:9. The bare form is deployed both ways within a few books of each other — Deuteronomy 33:28 has Israel dwelling badad in SAFETY in a land of grain and wine, and Lamentations 1:1 opens with a city sitting badad, emptied and widowed. ⚠ The two shelves have decided it in opposite directions and neither is wrong: the English versions hear isolation (KJV ‘dwell alone’, NIV ‘live apart’) while the whole Spanish shelf hears security (RV 1909 and RV60 alike, «habitará confiado»). This translation prints ‘dwells alone’ and leaves the verdict where the Hebrew leaves it. → first discussed at Num 23:9