To STAND SURETY, go guarantor — a commercial word: to pledge yourself against another's debt, so that if the thing is lost, YOU pay. It is what makes Judah's offer the hinge of the Joseph story. Reuben had said 'you may put my two sons to death if I do not bring him back' (42:37) — a man offering his own children as collateral, which is monstrous and costs him nothing he has to feel; Jacob refused flatly. Judah says 'I MYSELF will be surety for him — from my hand you shall require him' (43:9), putting up himself, and his father says yes. He then makes it good in ch. 44, offering to stay a slave in Benjamin's place — the moment Joseph stops being able to hold himself in. KJV 'I will be surety for him; of my hand shalt thou require him.' → first discussed at Gen 43:9